Friday, 12 April 2013

Opportunity Costs


The New Oxford American Dictionary defines opportunity costs as "the loss of potential gain from other alternatives when one alternative is chosen".

Investopedia's definition:

1. The cost of an alternative that must be forgone in order to pursue a certain action. Put another way, the benefits you could have received by taking an alternative action.

2. The difference in return between a chosen investment and one that is necessarily passed up. Say you invest in a stock and it returns a paltry 2% over the year. In placing your money in the stock, you gave up the opportunity of another investment - say, a risk-free government bond yielding 6%. In this situation, your opportunity costs are 4% (6% - 2%).

Opportunity cost is a key concept in economics, and has been described as expressing "the basic relationship between scarcity and choice". The notion of opportunity cost plays a crucial part in ensuring that scarce resources are used efficiently.

As I highlighted earlier, unless you have bottomless pit of money like the fictional characters of Gossip Girls, everybody needs to make continuous choices.

Your choices will determine your life's positive or negative outcomes. You may not be able to choose your family members or relatives but in money matters you can!

How do you make the right choices?

The key is to be always aware of the opportunity costs.

In simple words, opportunity costs are the difference between your choice and the alternatives. It may not necessarily be only monetary in nature. Subjective matter can be a factor a well.

For example, you bought a house and now you are shopping for a housing loan. A local bank offered you a very competitive rate but you know that due to their high customer volume, they will be very slow in disbursement and their after sales service will not be very good.

A foreign bank on the other hand, offered you a slightly higher rate but you know that they have fewer customers thus the after sales service is tip top. Which one will you choose? 
 

There is no right or wrong answers. It all depends on your priority. What is important to you at that particular point in time.

If you're in a quest to accumulate as much money as possible within the shortest frame of time, then maybe you will choose the local bank despite its lousy after sales service. 
 

But if you value efficiency more then the foreign bank is a better choice.

The point that I'm trying to make here is before you make any decision, you need to consider all options and its related opportunity costs.

Another thing to remember is, once you have considered the options and its related costs, do not be so quick to dismiss things as irrelevant or make an excuse not to take action just because you think it will have a small impact on you.

I remember once I told an office mate to transfer money from one fund to the other to take advantage of the year-end dividend. It doesn't involve any hard work. Just go to the bank and do the transfer. It was a no risk proposition too. The answer I got was "I have very little money in that fund".

Few people understand that when it comes to Money Management, you have to start and take action now. How much money you have is irrelevant. 
 

What is the difference between the amount of money you have and the amount of money Bill Gates or Warren Buffett have?

Just the number of zeros!

Practice makes perfect. The more you practise to manage your money, the more comfortable and familiar you are with it. It is better for you to start small. In the event you made a mistake, the loss will not be so devastating.

Always remember that procrastination and time are your greatest enemy. Take action now!

How to find out about opportunity costs that affect you?

This is where you need to do some research and survey the market.

Is that a collective sigh of deflated enthusiasm I hear? 

We are lucky that we live in the 21st century. You don’t even have to leave the house to find food. It can be delivered to your house.

Similarly to find out about financial products, all you need to do is just to google for it. There are even some websites that actually compares the offers made by the market players. How convenient is that?

Words of caution though, do not be so naive that you believe every single thing that is written in the internet. If it sounds too good to be true, most likely it is.

So do exercise a little bit of common sense here. Do some facts checking and ask the experts for opinion before you commit to anything.

Before I close this subject, please remember that hardly any situation remain the same for long. As such, your options and opportunity costs change over time. When that happened, you may need to change your strategy.

So always be mindful of your financial situation. Be flexible, be in the know and try to grab as many good opportunities as you can when they passes you.